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 Title: |
US5659173:
Converting acoustic energy into useful other energy forms
[ Derwent Title ]
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| Country: |
US United States of America
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| Inventor: |
Putterman, Seth J.; Sherman Oaks, CA
Barber, Bradley Paul; Northridge, CA
Hiller, Robert Anthony; Los Angeles, CA
Lofstedt, Ritva Maire Johanna; Los Angeles, CA
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| Assignee: |
The Regents of the University of California, Oakland, CA
other patents from UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE REGENTS OF (599425) (approx. 4,840)
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| Published / Filed: |
1997-08-19
/ 1994-02-23
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| Application Number: |
US1994000201113
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| IPC Code: |
Advanced:
G21B 1/00;
Core:
more...
IPC-7:
G01T 1/20;
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| ECLA Code: |
G21B1/00;
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| U.S. Class: |
Current:
250/361.C;
376/100;
376/102;
376/149;
422/026;
422/052;
422/128;
Original:
250/361.C;
376/102;
376/149;
422/020;
422/052;
422/128;
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| Field of Search: |
250/361 C
376/102,149
422/020,52,128
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| Priority Number: |
| 1994-02-23 |
US1994000201113 |
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| Abstract: |
Sonoluminescence is an off-equilibrium phenomenon in which the energy of a resonant sound wave in a liquid is highly concentrated so as to generate flashes of light. The conversion of sound to light represents an energy amplification of eleven orders of magnitude. The flashes which occur once per cycle of the audible or ultrasonic sound fields can be comprised of over one million photons and last for less 100 picoseconds. The emission displays a clocklike synchronicity; the jitter in time between consecutive flashes is less than fifty picoseconds. The emission is blue to the eye and has a broadband spectrum increasing from 700 nanometers to 200 nanometers. The peak power is about 100 milliWatts. The initial stage of the energy focusing is effected by the nonlinear oscillations of a gas bubble trapped in the liquid. For sufficiently high drive pressures an imploding shock wave is launched into the gas by the collapsing bubble. The reflection of the shock from its focal point results in high temperatures and pressures. The sonoluminescence light emission can be sustained by sensing a characteristic of the emission and feeding back changes into the driving mechanism. The liquid is in a sealed container and the seeding of the gas bubble is effected by locally heating the liquid after sealing the container. Different energy forms than light can be obtained from the converted acoustic energy. When the gas contains deuterium and tritium there is the feasibility of the other energy form being fusion, namely including the generation of neutrons.
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| Attorney, Agent or Firm: |
Merchant, Gould, Smith, Edell, Welter & Schmidt ;
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| Primary / Asst. Examiners: |
Epps, Georgia Y.; Robbins, Thomas
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| Maintenance Status: |
CC Certificate of Correction issued
View Certificate of Correction
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| INPADOC Legal Status: |
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Family Legal Status Report
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| Designated Country: |
CA EP JP
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| Family: |
Show 3 known family members
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First Claim:
Show all 96 claims |
We claim:
1. A method of converting acoustic energy into a different energy form comprising:
- creating a gaseous bubble in a liquid in a container,
- locating the bubble in a liquid under the action of acoustic energy applied to the liquid,
- compressing and decompressing the bubble under the action of resonating pressure applied to the liquid by the acoustic energy,
- increasing the resonating pressure to generate from the bubble an emission of the different energy form, and
- sensing selectively at least one of a characteristic of the different energy form, bubble or acoustic energy and feeding back changes in the characteristic to regulate the generation of acoustic energy thereby to sustain the emission generation of the different energy form.
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| Background / Summary: |
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| Drawing Descriptions: |
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| Description: |
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| Forward References: |
Show 53 U.S. patent(s) that reference this one
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| Foreign References: |
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| Other Abstract Info: |
DERABS C95-311671
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| Other References: |
Uber den Einfluss der Ultraschallwellen auf chemische Prozesse, Von H. Beuthe (no translation available).
Academy of Sciences article dated Mar. 20, 1993, "Chimie Minerale", noted by Mme. Rechid (no translation available).
Luminescenz im ultraschallbeschickten Wasser. Kurze Mittelung Von H. Frenzel und H. Schultes, Koln/Rh. (no translation available).
C&EN; Dagani, Jun. 5, 1995, "Cold Fusion Believer Turned Skeptic Crusades for More Rigorous Research", pp. 34-39.
Cited by 2 patents
[ISI abstract]
International Herald Tribune; Brown, Dec. 22, 1994, "Cold Fusion is Back: It's Stil A Long Shot" pp. 2, 3 & 5.
Scientific American; Putterman, Feb. 1995, "Sonoluminescence: Sound Into Light" pp. 46-51.
(6 pages)
Cited by 15 patents
[ISI abstract]
Light Scattering Measurements of the Repetitive Supersonic Implosion of a Sonoluminescing Bubble, Bradley P. Barber and Seth J. Putterman, Physical Review Letters, vol. 69, No. 26, 28 Dec. 1992.
Toward a hydrodynamic theory of sonoluminescence, Ritva Lofstedt, Bradley P. Barber, and Seth J. Putterman, Phys. Fluids A 5 (11), Nov. 1993.
Effect of Noble Gas Doping in Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence, Science, vol. 265, pp. 248-250, 14 Oct. 1994.
Observation of synchronous picosecond sonoluminescence, Bradley P. Barber and Seth J. Putterman, Letters to Nature, vol. 352, 24 Jul. 1991.
Spectrum of Synchronous Picosecond Sonoluminescence, Robert Hiller, Seth J. Putterman, and Bradley P. Barber, Physical Review Letters, vol. 69, No. 8, 24 Aug. 1992.
Abstracts from J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 89, No. 4, Pt. 2, Apr. 1991, p. 1885, 121st Meeting: Acoustical Society of America; and vol. 91, No. 4, Pt. 2, Apr. 1992, 123rd Meeting: Acoustical Society of America.
Resolving the picosecond characteristics of synchronous sonoluminescence, Bradley P. Barber, Robert Hiller, Katsushi Arisaka, Harold Fetterman, and Seth Putterman, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91 (5), May 1992.
Theory of long wavelength acoustic radiation pressure, Ritva Lofstedt and Seth Putterman, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90 (4), Pt. 1, Oct. 1991.
Sonoluminescence from Stable Cavitation, T.K. Saksena and W.L. Nyborg, The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 53, No. 5, Sep. 1976.
Sonoluminescence and sonochemical reactions in cavitation fields. A Review, M.A. Margulis, Ultrasonics, Jul. 1985.
Sonoluminescence, R.E. Verrell and C.M. Sehgal, Ultrasonics, 1987, vol. 25, Jan.
Abstract, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1, vol. 87, Spring 1990, "EEE7. Sonoluminescence from single bubbles". D. Felipe Gaitan and Lawrence A. Crum.
The Chemical Effects of High Frequency Sound Waves, I. Preliminary Survey, William T. Richards and Alfred L. Loomis, ACS Journal, vol. 89, 1927.
Oxidations Promoted by Ultrasonic Radiation, F.O. Schmitt, C.H. Johnson and A.R. Olson, ACS Journal, vol. 51, 1929.
Sonoluminescence from water containing dissolved gases, F. Ronald Young, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 60, No. 1, Jul. 1978.
Study of the Mechanism of Sonoluminescence. II. Form of the Light Pulse in Sonoluminescence, A.K. Kurochkin, E.A. Smorodov, R.V. Valitov, and M.A. Margulis, Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry, 60 (5), 1986.
Influence of Radiation on the Cavitation Threshold of Degassed Water, R.D. Finch, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 36, No. 12, 2287-2292, Dec. 1964.
On the Pressure Developed in a Liquid During the Collapse of a Spherical Cavity, Philosophical Magazine, vol. XXXIV, pp. 94-98, 1917.
Studies of the Threshold-of-Cavitation Noise in Liquid Helium, R.D. Finch, Taylor G. J. Wang, R. Kagiwada, M. Barmatz and Isadore Rudnick, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 40, No. 1, 211-218, Jul. 1966.
Sonoluminescence, Alan J. Walton and Geo T. Reynolds, Advanced in Physics, 1984, vol. 33, No. 6, 595-660.
(66 pages)
I. Amato, Making Light of Sound, Research News, Mar. 20, 1992, p. 1511.
(1 pages)
[ISI abstract]
C. Suplee, Searching for Nature's Message in a Bottle of Glowing Water, The Washington Post, Aug. 12, 1991.
B. Levi, Light Comes From Ultrasonic Cavitation in Picosecond Pulses, Physics Today, Nov. 1991, pp. 17-18.
(2 pages)
[ISI abstract]
Barber et al., Resolving the Picosecond Characteristics of Synchronous Sonoluminescence, Nature, vol. 352, Jul. 25, 1991.
Barber et al., Observation of Synchronous Picosecond Sonoluminescence, Nature, vol., 352, Jul. 25, 1991.
Barber et al., Light Scattering Measurements of the Repetitive Supersonic Implosion of a Sonoluminescing Bubble, Physical Review Letters, vol. 69, No. 26, Dec. 28, 1992.
Hiller, et al. Spectrum of Synchronous Picosecond Sonoluminescence, Physical Review Letters, vol. 69, No. 8, Aug. 24, 1992.
B. Barber, Synchronous Picosecond Sonoluminescence, Ph.D. Dissertation, Jun. 1992.
Visible Cavitation in Liquid Helium, R. D. Finch and Taylor G. J. Wang, reprinted from The Journal of Acoustical Society of America, vol. 39, No. 3, 311-314, Mar. 1966.
Sonoluminescence Intensity as a Function of Bulk Solution Temperature, C. Sehgal, R.G. Sutherland, and R. E. Verrall, J. Phys. Chem., 1980, 84, 525-528.
(4 pages)
The Solubility of Nitrogen and Air in Liquids, Rubin Battino, Timothy R. Rettich, and Toshihiro Tominaga, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, vol. 13, No. 2, 1984.
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