 Other References: |
Experimental Gerontology, vol. 29, No. 6, issued 1994, Effros et al., "Decline in CD28+ T cells in centenarians and in long-term T cell cultures: A possible cause for both in vivo and in vitro immunosenescence", pp. 601-609 (see entire document).
(9 pages)
[ISI abstract]
Journal of Immunology, vol. 150, No. 4, Issued Feb. 15, 1993, Azuma et al, "CD28-T lymphocytes: Antigenic and functional properties", pp. 1147-1150, especially Figures 2B-C, 4B and 7A and p. 1153.
(13 pages)
Cited by 2 patents
[ISI abstract]
S. J. Wayne et al., "Cell-Mediated Immunity as a Predictor of Morbidity and Mortality in Subjects Over 60," J. Gerontol. 45:M45-48 (1990) (Exhibit 1).
(4 pages)
M. L. Thoman & W.O. Weigle, "The Cellular and Subcellular Bases of Immunosenescence," Adv. Immunol. 46:221-261 (1989) (Exhibit 2).
(41 pages)
Cited by 15 patents
I.C. Roberts-Thompson et al.,"Ageing, Immune Response, and Mortality," Lancet, Aug. 17, 1974, pp. 368-370. (Exhibit 3).
(3 pages)
G.R. Burgio & A.G. Ugazio, "Immunity in Down's Syndrome," Eur. J. Pediatr. 127:293-294 . (1978). (Exhibit 4).
(2 pages)
S.R.S. Rangan & P. Armatis, "Enhanced Frequency of Spontaneous B Cell Lines from Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Seropositive Donors 80 Years and Older," Exp. Gerontol. 26:541-547 (1991) (Exhibit 5).
(7 pages)
[ISI abstract]
L. Hayflick, "The Limited In Vitro Lifetime of Human Diploid Cell Strains," Exp. Cell Res. 37:614-636 (1965) (Exhibit 6).
T. H. Norwood & J.R. Smith, "The Cultured Fibroblast-Like Cell as a Model for the Study of Aging," in Handbook of the Biology of Aging (C.E. Finch & E.L. Schneider, eds., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1985), ch. 12, pp. 291-320 (Exhibit 7).
N.L. Perillo et al., "Human T. Lymphocytes Possess a Limited In Vitro Lifespan," Exp. Gerontol. 24:177-187 (1989) (Exhibit 8).
(11 pages)
C.H. June et al., "T-Cell Proliferation Involving the CD28 Pathway as Associated With Cyclosporine-Resistant Interleukin 2 Gene Expression," Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:4472-4481 (1987) (Exhibit 9).
(10 pages)
Cited by 33 patents
M. Azuma et al., "CD28- T Lymphocytes: Antigenic and Functional Properties," J. Immunol. 150:1147-1159 (1993) (Exhibit 10).
(13 pages)
Cited by 2 patents
[ISI abstract]
C.L. Verweij et al., "Activation of Interleukin-2 Gene Transcription via the T-Cell Surface Molecule CD28 Is Mediated Through an NF-kB-Like Response Element," J. Biol. Chem. 266:14179-14182 (1991) (Exhibit 11).
(4 pages)
Cited by 3 patents
[ISI abstract]
M.K. Jenkins, et al., "CD28 Delivers a Costimulatory Signal Involved in Antigen-Specific IL-2 Production by Human T Cells," J. Immunol. 147:2461-2466 (1991) (Exhibit 12).
(6 pages)
Cited by 17 patents
[ISI abstract]
S.E. Townsend & J.P. Allison, "Tumor Rejection After Direct Costimulation of cD8+ T-Cells by B7-Transfected Melanoma Cells," Science 259:368-370 (1993) (Exhibit 13).
(3 pages)
Cited by 41 patents
[ISI abstract]
P. Tan et al., "Induction of Alloantigen-Specific Hyporesponsiveness in Human T Lymphocytes by Blocking Interaction of CD28 with Its Natural Ligand B7/BB1," J. Exp. Med. 177:165-173 (1993) (Exhibit 14).
(9 pages)
Cited by 45 patents
[ISI abstract]
N.L. Perillo et al., "The In Vitro Senescence of Human T Lymphocytes: Failure to Divide Is Not Associated with a Loss of Cytolytic Activity or Memory T Cell Phenotype," Mech. Ageing & Develop. 67: 174-185 (1993) (Exhibit 15).
D. R. DeSilva et al., "Clonal Anergy Is Induced In Vitro by T Cell Receptor Occupancy in the Absence of Proliferation," J. Immunol. 147:3261-367 (1991) (Exhibit 16).
(7 pages)
Cited by 3 patents
[ISI abstract]
Y. Liu & C.A. Janeway, Jr., "Interferon γ Plays a Critical Role in Induced Cell Death of Effector T Cell: A Possible Third Mechanism of Self-Tolerance," J. Exp. Med. 172:1735-1739 (1990) (Exhibit 17).
(5 pages)
A. Grosman et al., "Reduced Proliferation in T Lymphocytes in Aged Humans Is Predominantly in the CD8+ Subset, and is Unrelated to Defects in Transmembrane Signaling Which are Predominantly in the CD4+ Subset," Exp. Cell Res. 180:367-382 (1989) (Exhibit 18).
R.A. Miller, "Age-Associated Decline in Precursor Frequency for Different T Cell-Mediated Reactions, with Preservation of Helper or Cytotoxic Effect per Precursor Cell," J. Immunol. 132:63-68 (1984) (Exhibit 19).
(6 pages)
Cited by 2 patents
C.A. Michie et al., "Lifespan of Human Lymphocyte Subsets Defined by CD45 Isoforms," Nature 360:264-268 (1992) (Exhibit 20).
(2 pages)
Cited by 10 patents
[ISI abstract]
A. Shahinian et al., "Differential T Cell Costimulatory Requirements in CD28-Deficient Mice," Science 261:609-612 (1993) (Exhibit 21).
(4 pages)
Cited by 28 patents
[ISI abstract]
M. Azuma et al., "Requirements for CD28-Dependent T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity," J. Immunol 150:2091-2101 (1993) (Exhibit 22).
(11 pages)
Cited by 3 patents
[ISI abstract]
R.A. Miller, "Aging and the Immune Response," In Handbook of the Biology of Aging (3d ed., E.L. Schneider & J.W. Rowe, eds., Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, 1990), Ch. 9, pp. 157-180. (Exhibit 23).
R.B. Effros, "Immunosenescence-Related Diseases in the Elderly," Immunol. & Allergy Clin. North Am. 13:695-712 (1993) (Exhibit 24).
(18 pages)
[ISI abstract]
June et al., Immunol. Today, 11(6):211-216, 1990.
(6 pages)
Cited by 54 patents
Kozbov et al., J. Immunol, 138(12):4128-4132, 1987.
Clark et al., Eur. J. Immunol., 17: 1799-1805, 1987.
(7 pages)
AMAC Catalog of Antibodies and Immunoassays (1992) pp. 13-15.
Morishita et al., J. Immunol., 136(6):2095-2102, 1986.
(8 pages)
Damle et al., J. Immunol., 132(2):644-650, 1984.
(7 pages)
Cited by 2 patents
Lum et al., Cell. Immunol., 72: 122-129, 1982.
(8 pages)
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